Dr Grażyna Baranowska jest adiunktem w Poznańskim Centrum Praw Człowieka INP PAN. Uczestniczyła w licznych międzynarodowych i krajowych projektach badawczych i grantowych, między innymi jako Post-Doctoral Researcher w projekcie Memory Laws in European and Comparative Perspective (2016-2019), Fellow w Research Law: Constitutional Politics in Turkey II na Uniwersytecie Humboldta (2019), a także w projekcie Fostering Human Rights Among European (Internal and External) Policies (FRAME). W 2019-2020 pracowała ponadto w Niemieckim Instytucie Praw Człowieka w Berlinie, gdzie przygotowywała analizę na temat znaczenia Międzynarodowej Konwencji w sprawie ochrony wszystkich osób przed wymuszonym zaginięciem dla zaginionych migrantów i uchodźców. Obecnie kieruje trzyletnim projektem Osoby zaginione i wymuszone zaginięcia: obowiązki prawnomiędzynarodowe państw finansowanym przez NCN w ramach konkursu Sonata.
Memory laws in Turkey : protecting the memory of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
Criminalizing history : legal restrictions on statements and interpretations of the past in Germany, Poland, Rwanda, Turkey and Ukraine / ed. by Klaus Bachmann, Christian Garuka. Berlin: Peter Lang, 2020, s. 107-126.
Grażyna Baranowska’s research was conducted in the framework of her Post-Doctoral research project “Memory Laws in European and Comparative Perspective (MELA),” funded by HERA grant 15.904, and through a research fellowship at Research Lab: Constitutional Politics in Turkey II at Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
Cytowania: ☞Gliszczyńska-Grabias, Aleksandra The politics of constitutional memory : mnemonic constitutionalism, historical memory, and collective identity in Poland, Germany and Russia [w:] M. Tushnet, D. Kochenov (red.) Research Handbook on the Politics of Constitutional Law, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, 2023, s. 592-610. ☞Baranowska, Grażyna Protecting the Good Name of the Nation as Memory Law, European Constitutional Law Review 2023, t. 19, nr 4, s. 623-641. ☞Gardocka, Teresa Jagiełło, Dariusz Bachmann, Klaus Transnational Aspects of Punitive Memory Laws Evidence from Germany, Poland, and Israel, Studia Iuridica Lublinensia 2023, t. 32, nr 3, s. 75-88. ☞Baranowska, Grażyna Penalizing Statements about the Past in Turkey [w:] P. Grzebyk (red.) Responsibility for negation of international crimes, Warszawa : Wydawnictwo Instytutu Wymiaru Sprawiedliwości, 2020, s. 249-258.
Historical Memory in Post-communist Europeand the Rule of Law : An Introduction
European Papers 2020, t. 5, nr 1, s. 95-106.
Współautorstwo: Castellanos-Jankiewicz, León
The legal governance of historical memory in Eastern and Central Europe has grown exponentially over the past two decades. This development runs parallel to the region’s reckoning with its communist legacies at the national level, where national identity has been harnessed and sometimes instrumentalised to adopt revisionist interpretations of the past. Mnemonic governance in these states has also been heavily influenced by their proximity or membership to the European Union, which upholds the rule of law as a fundamental value. At the same time, the region’s Soviet legacies have been projected by a newfound Russian assertiveness in the area, which has resulted in a phenomena known as memory wars. Those developments are accompanying the process of democratic transition in Eastern and Central European states are undergoing. This introductory Article sets out the premises of the Special Section on historical memory in post-Communist Europe and the rule of law, by showing that the democratization processes are far from linear.
Cytowania: ☞Barton Hronešová, Jessie Hasić, Jasmin The 2021 Memory Law in Bosnia and Herzegovina : Reconciliation or Polarization?, Journal of Genocide Research 2024, t. 26, nr 4, s. 399-417. ☞Gera, Anna Szentgáli-Tóth, Boldizsár The parliamentary margin of movement for strengthening the role of historical dimensions in interpretation and law-making : The case of Hungary, Hungarian Journal of Legal Studies 2023, t. 63, nr 4, s. 329-351. ☞Quiroga-Villamarín, Daniel R. An Histoire Juridique Commune? : Historiographical frames in European and Inter-American human rights narratives, The International Journal of Human Rights 2025, s. 1-22. ☞Gültekin, Mücahit Travma Düzeni; İnsanın, Ailenin ve Toplumun Dönüşümü, İstanbul: Pınar Yayınları, 2024. ☞Hautaniemi, Tiia Navigating the Crossroads : Democracy, National Identity and Memory Politics in Eastern Europe and Russia, Turku: University of Turku, 2024 [Praca licencjacka]. ☞Герасимчук, Володимир Комеморативні практики у час війни : на прикладі проєкту Богдана Мазура «Пам’яті цивільних жертв», Науковий журнал Художня Культура. Актуальні Проблеми 2024, t. 20, nr 1, s. 104-114. ☞Цымбал, Александр Георгиевич Конструируя историческую память : мемориальные законы и «войны памяти» в Европейском союзе (на примере Второй мировой и Великой Отечественной войн), Электронная библиотека БГУ 2024, nr 4, s. 48-53.
Analysis Disappeared Migrants and Refugees : The Relevance of the International Convention on Enforced Disappearance in their search and protection
Berlin : German Institute for Human Rights, 2020
ISBN 9783946499763
40 stron. Bibliografia na stronach 33-40.
Deaths and disappearances on various migration routes are widely reported and yet there remains little information on the legal obligations of States in these cases. This analysis highlights State obligations with regard to disappeared migrants and refugees, as arising from the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance (ICPPED). It also points to issues that would benefit from additional interpretation by the Committee monitoring the implementation of the ICPPED. While most migrants and refugees do not disappear by way of enforced disappearance, this study examines the criteria for classifying an enforced disappearance as set out in Article 2 of the ICPPED. The Convention defines enforced disappearance as the deprivation of liberty with the authorization, support, or acquiescence of a State, followed by a refusal to acknowledge the deprivation of liberty or concealment of the fate or whereabouts of this person.In migration contexts, States at times cooperate in committing enforced disappearances or commit them in the territory of another State. The analysis proposes ways to assess State responsibility in such circumstances. The ICPPED furthermore obliges States to cooperate in investigating enforced disappearances, assist victims, and search for disappeared persons. These obligations require the undertaking of specific measures by States such as establishing competent authorities, developing cooperation agreements, and adopting specific instruments to ensure the effective participation of families from abroad. A crucial factor in the context of migration is the realization of the obligation to ensure everyone the right to report alleged enforced disappearances to competent authorities, given that this may need to occur from abroad. When there are reasonable grounds to believe that an enforced disappearance has occurred, States are under obligation to undertake an ex officio investigation. This is also the case where an enforced disappearance has been committed by another State.This study shows that the compliance with ICPPED obligations can help to prevent migrants and refugees from disappearing, and may greatly aid the search for them. One crucial mechanism to achieve this, is the cooperation between States in the measures enshrined in the Convention which are particularly relevant in the migration context
Cytowania: ☞Koros, Dimitris The normalization of pushbacks in Greece : Biopolitics and racist state crime, State Crime Journal 2021, t. 10, nr 2, s. 238-256. ☞Raimondo, Giulia Invisible Crimes : Accountability for Crimes against Migrants in Libya, European Journal of Migration and Law 2023, t. 25, nr 3, s. 328-357. ☞Pervou, Ioanna The intercontinental dialogue on enforced disappearances : the case of massive disappearances during hostilities, International Journal of Human Rights 2025, t. 29, nr 4, s. 758-771. ☞Guercke, Lene State Obligations Relating to Disappearances Committed by Non-State Actors [w:] L. Guercke (red.) Failure of the State : Interdisciplinary Studies in Human Rights, Cham: Springer, 2025, s. 33-85. ☞Guercke, Lene State Responsibility for Disappearances Committed by Organised Criminal Groups [w:] L. Guercke (red.) Failure of the State : Interdisciplinary Studies in Human Rights, Cham: Springer, 2025, s. 133-173. ☞Reeh, Greta Marie Das menschenrechtliche Prinzip des Non-Refoulement vor den Vertragsorganen der Vereinten Nationen, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, 2023. ☞Loera, Lilia Zero Matching Records Found : Enforced Disappearance in the Carceral Web Landscape, Sociology Lens 2023, t. 36, nr 1, s. 60-73. ☞Loera, Lilia U.S. Detention and Deportation: The Politics of Invisibility, Violence and Death, Austin: The University of Texas at Austin, 2023 [Praca doktorska]. ☞Al-Kaabi, Aisha Fight or Flight? Examining the Non-Refoulement Principle : A Case Study of Mozambican Forced Migrants in Tanzania, Ar-Rajjan: Hamad Bin Khalifa University, 2024 [Praca magisterska]. ☞Alrantisi, Ola J.M. Vulnerability of Palestinian Victims of Enforced Disappearance in Egypt, Kongsberg: University of South-Eastern Norway, 2022 [Praca magisterska]. ☞Huhle, Rainer Verschwunden : Von der Schwierigkeit, das Unfassbare begreifbar zu machen, Zeitschrift für Menschenrechte 2021, nr 2, s. 45-67.
In recent years and decades, authoritarian regimes and illiberal democracies have passed and enforced punitive memory laws, intending to ban certain interpretations of past events or sheltering official versions of history against challenges. This comes with no surprise in countries whose governments undermine pluralism and assume the existence of a historical truth that is stable over time, invariable, and self-explanatory. But why do liberal democracies, committed to political pluralism and open debate, pass laws that penalize challenges to certain interpretations of the past and restrict freedom of speech? This article argues that liberal democracies may do so yielding to bottom–up pressure by courts and to regulate civil law disputes for which existing legislation and jurisprudence may not suffice. Based on case studies from Germany, France, Switzerland, Poland, Ukraine, Russia, Turkey, Rwanda, and the former Yugoslavia, we also found punitive memory laws in liberal democracies narrower and more precise than in nonliberal states.
Cytowania: ☞Sadowski, Mirosław Michał Law and Memory: Intersections, Montréal: McGill University, 2023 [Praca doktorska]. ☞Belavusaǔ, Uladzìslaǔ Memory Laws on Slavery in France and the Netherlands : From Guillotines to Windmills, Law and Critique 2025 [online first]. ☞Gaitenidis, Nikolaos The Legal Landscape of Memory : Crafting Historical Narratives Through Law and Its Ramifications, Netherlands International Law Review 2025, t. 72, s. 59-102. ☞Kasianov, Georgiy History Politics in the Russian – Ukrainian Relations, the 2000s–2022: Shared Past as a Casus Belli, Nationalities Papers 2025, First View, s. 1-26. ☞Wójcik, Anna Memory Laws, Rule of Law, and Democratic Backsliding : The Case of Poland, Journal of Illiberalism Studies 2023, t. 3, nr 3, s. 71-87. ☞Holl, Jessica Wachau, Jasmin Responding to the Instrumentalization of the Past by Right Wing Actors : Analyzing the Varieties of Law and Memory in Brazil and Germany, Verfassung und Recht in Übersee 2025, t. 57, nr 2, s. 210-242. ☞Ali, Fayyaz Wadood, Abdul Remembrance of Genocide in Bosnia and Herzegovina : Achieving Harmony in the Faceof Discord?, Law Research Journal 2024, t. 2, nr 2, s. 1-12. ☞Mochtak, Michał War Narratives in Post-Conflict Societies Keeping the Past Alive in the former Yugoslavia, Abington: Routlege, 2024. ☞Gardocka, Teresa Jagiełło, Dariusz Bachmann, Klaus Transnational Aspects of Punitive Memory Laws Evidence from Germany, Poland, and Israel, Studia Iuridica Lublinensia 2023, t. 32, nr 3, s. 75-88. ☞Howard, Matt Law’s Memories. - Palgrave Socio-Legal Studies - Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 2023 ☞Vučić, Mihajlo A. U potrazi za pravom merom : zabrana negacionizma u uporednom evropskom zakonodavstvu, Strani pravni život 2022, t. 66, nr 2, s. 221-242. ☞Esratian, Billy Sanctioning Ideas : Alternative International Law Argument in Defence of Indonesia's Ideological Curtailment of Societal Organization, Indonesia Law Review 2022, nr 2, s. 18-40. ☞Ambrozy, Maria Interrogating Education Policymaking in the Rwandan Developmental State : The Politics of Changing the Language of Instruction and the Higher Education Merger, London: University of London, 2022 [Praca doktorska] ☞Bachmann, Klaus How to avoid the genocide trap : Genocide as a concept in historiography and social sciences, AREI 2022, t. 1, nr 1, s. 48-67. ☞Vučić, Mihajlo A. Zakoni o sećanju u ranjivim društvima, Sociološki Pregled 2022, t. 56, nr 1, s. 165-188.
Responsibility for negation of international crimes / edited by Patrycja Grzebyk ; translated by Mateusz Matuszczak. Warszawa : Wydawnictwo Instytutu Wymiaru Sprawiedliwości, 2020, s. 249-258.
Cytowania: ☞Gliszczyńska-Grabias, Aleksandra Baranowska, Grażyna Using and Abusing Memory Laws in Search of “Historical Truth’ : The Case of the 2018 Amendments to the Polish Institute of National Remembrance Act’ [w:] N. Tirosh and A. Reading (red.) The Right to Memory: History, Media, Law, and Ethics, New York: Berghahn Books, 2023. s. 112-131.
Odpowiedzialność za negowanie zbrodni międzynarodowych / pod redakcją Patrycji Grzebyk. Warszawa : Wydawnictwo Instytutu Wymiaru Sprawiedliwości, 2020, s. 243-251.