Soft law w wykładni i stosowaniu prawa UE

Wykładnia prawa Unii Europejskiej / redaktor Leszek Leszczyński ; autorzy Mariusz Golecki, Mateusz Grochowski, Joanna Helios, Wioletta Jedlecka, Anna Kalisz, Tomasz Tadeusz Koncewicz, Leszek Leszczyński, Bartosz Liżewski, Iwona Rzucidło-Grochowska, Adam Szot, Bartosz Wojciechowski, Marek Zirk-Sadowski. Warszawa : C. H. Beck; INP PAN, 2019, s. 339-352.

Wykładnia prawa UE w orzecznictwie SN

Wykładnia prawa Unii Europejskiej..., s. 539-551.

Między dogmatyką i metodą : polskie podręczniki do części ogólnej prawa cywilnego i ich ewolucja

Kwartalnik Prawa Prywatnego 2019, t. 28, nr 4, s. 853-883.

The text addresses the evolution of Polish handbooks on the general part of private law, which were published in the interwar period and throughout the second half of the 20th century. It builds on the history of “Civil law. General part”, a handbook initially authored by Aleksander Wolter and subsequently amended and updated by Jerzy Ignatowicz and Krzysztof Stefaniuk. With its newest edition (of 2017), it is the longest-standing handbook on Polish private law, which has been in use for almost 70 years. The handbook has been used not only for academic teaching purposes, but also as a sophisticated and in-depth handbook on the general part of civil law (and the civil law as such). The text attempts to sketch an “intellectual biography” of the handbook, against the backdrop of legal literature of that era. In particular, it attempts to allocate A. Wolter’s handbook vis-à-vis the underlying question, whether and to what extent the handbooks on the general part of civil law should be shaped purely as teaching materials or as more substantial “research handbooks”, which present the core principles and the core conceptual and methodological premises of the discipline. In so doing, the text attempts to understand how the choice of a deeper and more elaborate structure of the handbook, made in mid-1950s by A. Wolter and preserved in the next editions of the book, was contingent on the specific way of the development of Polish civil law throughout the 20th century. Finally, the article attempts to map the current role of the handbook in the landscape of Polish civil law and to assess its topicality for the current developments in the methodology of research.

Niedozwolone postanowienia w umowach konsumenckich : podstawa kontroli i jej granice w czasie

Monitor Prawniczy 2019, nr 3, s. 160-162.

The text addresses the problem of time limits for a factual basis that is to be considered in reviewing prohibited clauses in consumer contracts. It focuses on a question whether the sole point of reference could be the facts that exist when a contract is concluded or is it also possible to take into account the circumstances that arise afterwards. The article argues in favour of the first solution, basing on the views expressed by the Polish Supreme Court in its resolution of 20 June 2018 (III CZP 29/17), as well as by the Court of Justice of the EU in the judgment of 20 September 2017 (C-186/16), Andriciuc. It outlines a broader context for both decisions and deals with a question as to what extent and in what role the ensuing circumstances may be involved in the reviewing process of a clause.

Postanowienia określające główne świadczenia stron (art. 385[1] § 1 KC) a umowa ubezpieczenia o funkcji inwestycyjnej

Monitor Prawniczy 2019, nr 7, s. 382-385.

The article deals with the scope of application of Art. 3851 § 1 of the Civil Code to insurance contracts designed as investment instruments. The regulation implements Art. 4 (2) of Directive EU 93/13/EEC and provides for an exception to the general mechanism of control of clauses in consumer contracts. Owing to their structural and economic complexity insurance contracts offer a particularly serious challenges from this viewpoint. is the challenges are particularly intensive when the structure of an insurance contract is used to pursue other types of interests, especially to serve as an investment instrument. Basing on the general observations as to the nature of the exception in Art. 3851 § 1 CC, the article examines more deeply a special type of insurance contracts that are very popular on the Polish market nowadays, namely life insurance contracts designed to provide an investment instrument for consumers (unit-linked life insurance contracts). The article focuses on a specific type of clauses, commonly found in such contracts, which specify the amount of funds transferred to the consumer after termination of a contract. In this regard the text addresses the ongoing controversy, whether the clauses of this type specify the primary object of a contract. It answers this question negatively, arguing for encompassing these terms with the general mechanism of control under Directive 93/13/EEC.

Normy dyspozytywne i kogentne w wykładni prawa umów : studium przypadku (art. 703 KC)

Monitor Prawniczy 2019, nr 19, s. 1063-1066.

The text addresses the issue of qualifying Art. 703 of the Civil Code as a dispositive or peremptory norm. It is built on the Supreme Court resolution of 11 October 2012 (III CZP 52/12), which resolved a long-term controversy in the case-law as to the optionality of the regulation on termination of a lease agreement laid down in that provision. The article attempts to trace back the reasons underlying the fundamental division of views as to the interpretation of and setting points of reference in construing Article 703. Thereby, it attempts to contribute to a more precise conceptual framework for distinguishing between dispositive and peremptory norms and determining the degree of flexibility of the latter.

Tekst powstał jako rezultat projektu badawczego finansowanego przez Narodowe Centrum Nauki, nr 2016/20/S/HS5/00458.

Art. 709[15] KC jako regulacja semidyspozytywna

Monitor Prawniczy 2019, nr 23, s. 1292-1294.

The distinction between default and mandatory rules in contract law is not binary, but as a matter of fact encompasses a continuum of rules, which includes various degrees of „optionality” and „rigidity”. Chosing between these forms is always a question of interpretation and, in particular, of identifying the underlying values and aims of the particular rules. An illustrative example of the interpretive task of this sort is provided by Art. 709[15] KC of the Polish Civil Code. It prescribes that after termination of a leasing agreement (for the reasons of which the lessee is responsible), the lessee has to repay the outstanding leasing charges, having deducted the profits that the lessor gained due to premature termination of the agreement. The text attempts to delve more deeply into the arguments for various possible readings of this provision. In particular, it seeks to distinguish between the arguments for understanding this provision as being „entirely” default or mandatory and for considering it as an „intermediary” form between the two. The author concludes that the most convincing reading of Art. 709[15] is to treat it as semi-dispositive. From this point of view, the provision sets forth only a minimal threshold of lessee’s entitlements and does not preclude more preferential contractual terms.

Tekst powstał jako wynik projektu badawczego finansowanego przez Narodowe Centrum Nauki, nr 2016/20/S/HS5/00458.

[Rozdział 7]. Przepisy przejściowe i końcowe

Prawo konsumenckie : komentarz / redaktor Konrad Osajda ; autorzy Jacek Dybiński [i 21 pozostałych]. Warszawa : Wydawnictwo C. H. Beck, 2019, s. 118-123.

Spłata kredytu przed terminem

Prawo konsumenckie : komentarz / redaktor Konrad Osajda ; autorzy Jacek Dybiński [i 21 pozostałych]. Warszawa : Wydawnictwo C. H. Beck, 2019, s. 550-558.

Odstąpienie od umowy przez konsumenta

Prawo konsumenckie : komentarz / redaktor Konrad Osajda ; autorzy Jacek Dybiński [i 21 pozostałych]. Warszawa : Wydawnictwo C. H. Beck, 2019, s. 559-580.

Działalność instytucji pożyczkowych i rejestr instytucji pożyczkowych

Współautorstwo: Mikłaszewicz, Przemysław

Prawo konsumenckie : komentarz / redaktor Konrad Osajda ; autorzy Jacek Dybiński [i 21 pozostałych]. Warszawa : Wydawnictwo C. H. Beck, 2019, s. 581-599.

Wpis do rejestru pośredników kredytowych

Prawo konsumenckie : komentarz / redaktor Konrad Osajda ; autorzy Jacek Dybiński [i 21 pozostałych]. Warszawa : Wydawnictwo C. H. Beck, 2019, s. 600-604.

[Rozdział 5b]. Przepisy karne

Współautorstwo: Mikłaszewicz, Przemysław

Prawo konsumenckie : komentarz / redaktor Konrad Osajda ; autorzy Jacek Dybiński [i 21 pozostałych]. Warszawa : Wydawnictwo C. H. Beck, 2019, s. 605-609.

[Rozdział 7]. Przepisy przejściowe i końcowe

Prawo konsumenckie : komentarz / redaktor Konrad Osajda ; autorzy Jacek Dybiński [i 21 pozostałych]. Warszawa : Wydawnictwo C. H. Beck, 2019, s. 611-613.

[Ustawa o kredycie konsumenckim. Rozdział 1]. Przepisy ogólne

Współautorstwo: Mikłaszewicz, Przemysław

Prawo konsumenckie : komentarz / redaktor Konrad Osajda ; autorzy Jacek Dybiński [i 21 pozostałych]. Warszawa : Wydawnictwo C. H. Beck, 2019, s. 421-457.

Obowiązki kredytodawcy i pośrednika kredytowego przed zawarciem umowy o kredyt

Współautorstwo: Mikłaszewicz, Przemysław

Prawo konsumenckie : komentarz / redaktor Konrad Osajda ; autorzy Jacek Dybiński [i 21 pozostałych]. Warszawa : Wydawnictwo C. H. Beck, 2019, s. 458-494.

[Rozdział 3]. Umowa o kredyt

Współautorstwo: Mikłaszewicz, Przemysław

Prawo konsumenckie : komentarz / redaktor Konrad Osajda ; autorzy Jacek Dybiński [i 21 pozostałych]. Warszawa : Wydawnictwo C. H. Beck, 2019, s. 495-549.

Inheritance of the Social Media Accounts in Poland

European Review of Private Law 2019, t. 27, nr 5, s. 1195-1206.

Economic Exclusion as a Predictor of Cascade Exclusion : A Case Study of Loan Companies in Poland

Polish Sociological Review 2019, t. 208, nr 4, s. 459-476.

Współautorstwo: Jakubowska-Branicka, Iwona

This paper discusses the results of two empirical research projects on consumer micro-loans in Poland recently conducted at the Institute of Applied Social Sciences (University of Warsaw) and the Institute of Justice. The text summarizes the main findings of both studies and focuses on their main common thread: the various dimensions of social exclusion among average consumers who enter the loan market. The text argues that individuals who take consumer loans usually experience financial exclusion, which in turn prevents them from obtaining the cheaper credit available from banks. At the same time, by entering the loan market individuals de facto exclude themselves from effective legal protection (from courts and administrative bodies), which should be provided as an element of the rule of law in a democratic state. Building on these premises, the concept of “cascade exclusion” is proposed as an analytical framework for theses on interrelated dimensions of exclusion.